1.Integrate financial concepts and policies into the management

2. decision and budgeting process.

3. Evaluate the meaning of profit and loss accounts and balance sheets

4.Use ratio analysis and interpretation of key performance indicators.

5.Understand terminology such as ‘gearing’ and ‘return on capital employed.

6.Employ cash flow analysis to assess business status.

7.Calculate the cost of business activities and price effectively.

8.Use tools such as break-even analysis.

9.Manage working capital.

10.Control business operations through effective budget management.

1. To understand and interpret a basic Profit and Loss Statement (Income Statement)

2. To understand and interpret a basic Balance Sheet

3. To understand the concept of Accrual Accounting and how it differs from Cash Accounting

4. To understand Depreciation and Amortization

5. To understand a simple Cash Flow Statement

6. To assess ways of improving Working Capital

7. To understand how to use Ratios to analyze a business

8. To understand the different types of Costs (fixed / variable / semi-variable and direct/indirect)

9. To use Break-Even Analysis

10. To understand different sources of business financing

11. To understand different budgeting techniques

12. To use Variance Analysis to assess the budget performance

13. To apply and assess the merits of key Investment Appraisal Techniques – Return On Investment (ROI)

14. To evaluate the importance of non-financial factors affecting investment decisions.

Importance of Finance

1. Financial jargon.
2. Accounting Principles.
3. Accountability and responsibility for financial information.

Understanding Key Financial Statements

1. The Profit And Loss Statemen
2. The Balance Sheet
3. Cash Flow Statement And Forecast

Understanding Income And Expenses Statement

Understanding The Profit And Loss Account

1. Gross Profit, Cost Of Goods Sold, And Net Profit
2. Measuring profit and business success Analysing the balance sheet.
3. Evaluating the worth of an established business.
4. Fixed and current assets and liabilities.
5. Linking the profit and loss account to the balance sheet.
6. Shareholder equity.

Accrual-Based Accounting

Depreciation And Amortisation

Causes Of Insolvency

Ratio Analysis

1. Profitability Ratios
2. Liquidity Ratios
3. Efficiency Ratios
4. Financial Risk Ratios

Horizontal And Vertical (Sizing) Analysis

Cost Types

1. Fixed And Variable Expenses
2. Direct And Indirect Expenses

Break-Even Analysis

Pricing Strategies

Markup Vs Gross Margin

Upselling And Cross-Selling

Budget Basics And Budget Review (Variance Analysis)

Investment Appraisal Techniques

1. Payback Period
2. Average Rate Of Return
3. Net Present Value (Present Value And Discounted Cash Flow)
4. Internal Rate Of Return

Other Factors Affecting Investment Decisions

Sources Of Financing

Internal Vs External

1. Short, Medium, And Long-Term Sources

2. Factors Affecting The Choice

3. Borrowing Vs Issuing Shares

Cash Flow

1. Cash flow, profit, and net worth.
2. Connecting cash management to line management.
3. Maximizing benefits and minimizing costs.
4. Generating unique information from cash flow statements.

Merger and acquisition